Türkiye Barolar Birliği Dergisi 152.Sayı

256 Yargıtay ve Hakem Kararlarına Göre Hekimin Zorunlu Mali Sorumluluk Sigortası ance against the damages that can be claimed from them by the third parties due to medical malpractice and against the recourse to be made to them by their own institutions. Half of this insurance premium is paid by themselves and the other half is paid from the re- volving funds in institutions with revolving funds, and in institutions which do not have revolving funds, it is paid from the institution’s budget. Those persons who work in private health institutions and organizations or who perform their profession freely are obliged to take out professional liability insurance in order to cover the dam- ages that may be caused to persons due to medical malpractice and therefore the recourse to be made to them. Compulsory profession- al liability insurance is made by those who perform their profession freely, and those working in private health institutions and organiza- tions, by the relevant private health institutions and organizations. Half of the insurance premiums of the employees working in private health institutions and organizations are paid by themselves and half by the employers. In this study, the application of compulsory financial liability insurance of the physician’s will be examined in the light of the decisions of the Court of Cassation and the Insurance Arbitration Appeal Arbitrator Board. Keywords: Liability Insurance, Physician’s Compulsory Finan- cial Liability Insurance, the Features of Physician’s Compulsory Fi- nancial Liability Insurance, the Decisions of Court of Cassation and the Insurance Arbitration Appeal Arbitrator Board Regarding Physi- cian’s Compulsory Financial Liability Insurance GİRİŞ Malpraktis (malpraktice) , kavramı, Latince “male” ve “prakxis” kelimelerinden türemiş olup, “kötü, hatalı uygulama” anlamına gelir. Dünya Tabipler Birliği’nin 1992 yılındaki 44. Genel Kurulunda tıbbi uygulama hatası, “hekimin, hastanın tedavisi sırasında standart tedaviyi uygulamaması veya hastanın zarar görmesinin doğrudan nedeni olan hastaya bakımda beceri eksikliği ve ihmali ile oluşan zarar” olarak tanımlanmıştır. 1 ABD doktrinine göre ise tıbbi uygulama hatası; “sağlık mesleği men- subu tarafından işlenen ve hastaya zarar veren veya komplikasyonlara neden olan ihmali ya da icrai bir hareketi ifade eder”. Tıbbi kötü uy- gulama hata yapılan işin planlanan ve/veya uygulanan şekilde sonuç- lanmamasıdır. Oysa komplikasyon kavramı; özen ve dikkat yükümlü- lüğünün yerine getirilmesine rağmen ortaya çıkan istenmeyen sonucu ifade eder. 2 1 World Medical Association, Statement on Medical Malpractice; Marbelle, Spa- in,1992, Art. 2/a, http://hrlibrary.umn.edu/instree/malpractice.html, (Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2019). 2 Özlem Özer ve diğerleri, “Tıbbi hatalı uygulamalar”, Dicle Tıp Dergisi , Y. 2015,