214 Dijital Çağda Yeni Bir Hukukî Kişilik Arayışı: Yapay Zekâ Abstract: The issue of granting legal personality to artificial intelligence, in essence, refers to a decision to grant a set of rights and related obligations to that entity. There are some basic questions that should be answered by especially information technology law doctrine and practice, regarding which criteria should be sought in the process of establishing a legal policy for the recognition of non-human beings and transforming this legal policy into a normative regulation. The starting point in solving the problem of whether an entity can be recognized as a personality is to determine the meaning, scope and legal nature of the concept of personality. In the second stage, the entity, which is envisaged to be granted personality rights, is subjected to an evaluation process within the framework of the material approach, which sees the personality as an existential structure, and the formal approach based on whether the law and society ascribe personality to an entity. There is no doubt that systems with a limited scope of activity and autonomy, defined as narrow or weak artificial intelligence, should be accepted as objects by the law, depending on these characteristics. On the other hand, the level of success reached by cognitive technology today has also allowed the development of autonomous artificial intelligence, which can learn from its own experiences through machine learning with different algorithmic structures and complex software and can act independently without any human interference. The autonomous decisions and actions taken by the artificial intelligence during the fulfillment of the tasks defined for it can sometimes damage the assets or personal assets of individuals or cause a breach of contract in obligatio. In this respect, today, the need to develop a unique personality model has emerged in terms of artificial intelligence beings with a strong autonomy feature. Keywords: Personality, Legal Status, Artificial İntelligence, Capacity to Have Rights And Obligations, Capacity to Act, Smart Machines GİRİŞ 18. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren dünyayı etkisi altına almaya başlayan endüstri devrimi ile birlikte insan ve makine iş birliğinin ilk tohumları atılmıştır. İçinde bulunduğumuz dijital çağda akıllı ve bağlantılı teknolojik ürünlerin yol açtığı veri patlamasına bağlı olarak bilişsel bilimin ulaştığı gelişmişlik düzeyi, biyolojik insan algoritmalarını taklit eden bir modellemeye dayanan yapay zekâ teknolojisini üretmiştir. Bugün geldiğimiz nokta itibarıyla çok sayıda sektör ve iş modellerinde gerçekleştirilen üretim, pazarlama, satış, denetim, lojistik gibi endüstriyel faaliyetlerin hemen her aşamasında insanlar ve yapay zekâ destekli sistemler, iş birliği içinde ve koordineli bir şekilde çalışarak dünya ekonomisine değer katmaktadır.
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