184 Gençlik Çeteleri ve Genç Suçluluğu Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Bir İnceleme Rosenfeld Richard/Bray Timothy M./Egley Arlen, “Facilitating Violence: A Comparison of Gang-Motivated, Gang-Affiliated, and Nongang Youth Homicides”, Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 1999, C. 15, S. 4, s. 495-516. Sánchez-Jankowski, Martín, “Gangs and Social Change”, Theoretical Criminology, 2003, C. 7, S. 2, s. 191-216. Sobel Russell S./Osoba Brian J., “Youth Gangs as Pseudo-Governments: Implications for Violent Crime”, Southern Economic Journal, 2009, C. 75, S. 4, s. 996-1018. Spergel Irving A.,“Youth Gangs: Continuity and Change”, Crime and Justice, 1990, C. 12, s. 171–275. Taylor Terence J./Freng Adrienne/Esbensen Finn Aege et al.: “Youth Gang Membership and Serious Violent Victimization: The Importance of Lifestyles and Routine Activities”, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2008, C. 23, S. 10, s. 1441–1464. Thornberry Terence P., “Toward an Interactional Theory of Delinquency”, Criminology, 1987, C. 25, S. 4, s. 863-891. Thornberry Terence P./Krohn Marvin D. et. al., “The Role of Juvenile Gangs in Facilitating Delinquent Behavior”, Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 1993, C. 30, S. 1, s. 55–87. Thornberry Terence P./Lizotte Alan J./Krohn Marvin D./Farnworth Margaret/Jang Sung Joon, “Delinquent Peers, Beliefs, and Delinquent Behavior: A Longitudinal Test of Interactional Theory”, Criminology, 1994, C. 32, S. 1, s. 47-83. Winfree L. Thomas/Bäckström Teresa Vigil/Mays G. Larry, “Social Learning Theory, Self-Reported Delinquency, and Youth Gangs: A New Twist on a General Theory of Crime and Delinquency”, Youth & Society, 1994, C. 26, S. 2, s. 147-177. Winfree L. Thomas/Mays G. Larry/Bäckström Teresa Vigil, “Youth gangs and incarcerated delinquents: Exploring the ties between gang membership, delinquency, and social learning theory”, Justice Quarterly, C. 11, S. 2, 1994, s. 229–256. Çevrimiçi Kaynaklar “Youth Gangs: An Overview, Juvenile Justice Bulletin, 1998”, (https://ojjdp.ojp.gov/ sites/g/files/xyckuh176/files/jjbulletin/9808/youth.html/ E.t.:18.03. 2021) “Penalties (Including Sentencing Enhancement), Fines, and Damages/ Gang-Related Legislation by Subject, National Gang Center, 2020, (https://nationalgangcenter. ojp.gov/legislation/penalties/ E.t.: 18.03.2021) Diğer Kaynaklar Skolnick Jerome H., Gang Organization And Migration: Drugs, Gangs, And Law Enforcement, California Department of Justice, 1990. Reiner Ira, Gangs, crime and violence in Los Angeles: findings and proposals, Office of the District Attorney, County of Los Angeles 1992. Howell James C./Decker Scott H., The Youth Gangs, Drugs and Violence Connection, “U.S. Department of Justice”, 1999.
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