186 Bulaşıcı Hastalıklara İlişkin Tedbirlere Aykırı Davranma Suçu (TCK. MD. 195) demic that changed our agenda, life and our expectations related to future. This epidemic, which is called the corona virus COVID-19, has revealed consequences that will radically affect social relations, behavior patterns, social, political, cultural and economic infrastructure, as well as the deep problems it has caused in terms of human health. Various measures are taken by the competent authorities in order to prevent the COVID-19 virus epidemic, which will be felt all over the world for many years and declared as a pandemic (global epidemic) by the World Health Organization. In order to protect public health in the fight against such contagious diseases, acting contrary to the quarantine measures taken by the competent authorities regarding the location of the person who has contracted a contagious disease or died due to a communicable disease is regulated as a crime, and regulated in Article 195 of the Turkish Penal Code under the title of “The Crime of Violating the Measures Related to Infectious Diseases”. Provided that such conduct is suitable to violate the measures regarding infectious diseases, it is possible for this type of crime to be carried out with active or passive actions. The transmission of the disease to others or actual harm being caused to others is not necessary for the completion of the crime. The crime is completed by violating the quarantine measures taken by the competent administrative authorities. Although the type of crime in Article 195 of the TCK is not subject to complaint, a prison sentence is envisaged as its sanction. Keywords: Infectiousdisease, Principle of Legality, Publichealth, Quarantinemeasures, Violation of Measures GİRİŞ 2019 yılının Aralık ayının sonunda Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nde yeni tip Korona virüs (COVID- 19) salgın hastalığının ortaya çıkması ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından pandemi (küresel salgın) olarak kabul edilmesi sonrasında 2020 yılının Mart ayının ortalarından itibaren (COVID- 19) salgın hastalığı Türkiye’de de gündemin ön sıralarında yer almaya başlamıştır. Basın ve sosyal medyaya yansıyan karantina önlemlerine dönük kamuoyu açıklamalarında sıklıkla TCK’nın 195. maddesine vurgu yapılır olmuştur. Önümüzdeki süreçte adli merciler önüne gelecek bu kapsamdaki olaylarda uygulanması muhtemel diğer ceza hukuku yaptırımlarının yanı sıra söz konusu ceza normunun incelenmesi konunun güncelliğini koruması nedeniyle önem arz etmektedir.1 1 Murat R. Önok, “Bulaşıcı Hastalıklara İlişkin Tedbirlere Aykırı Davranma Suçu (TCK m. 195)”, Anayasa Hukuku Dergisi, Y. 2020, C. 9, S. 17, s. 149–150.
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