2 Soykırım Sözleşmesinin Gazze’de Uygulanması Davasında Uluslararası Adalet Divanı’nın İlave İhtiyati Tedbir Kararı makalenin konusunu teşkil etmektedir. 24 Mayıs kararı önceki iki kararın hukuki temeller ve muhteva itibariyle devamı hatta bir husus dışında büyük ölçüde tekrarı mahiyetindedir. Divan Soykırım Sözleşmesi’nde yer alan yükümlülükleri Gazze özelinde tekrarlamakta ve İsrail’den soykırıma yol açabilecek ağır insancıl hukuk ihlallerinden kaçınmasını istemektedir. 24 Mayıs kararında bunlara ilaveten İsrail’in Refah bölgesindeki askeri saldırılarını durdurması talep edilmektedir. Bu tedbir ihtiyati tedbirlerle devletin meşru müdafaa veya temel menfaatlerini koruma hakkı arasında çatışma tartışmasını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Makale ihtiyati tedbirlerin bağlayıcılığı ve uygulamadaki durumla ilgili değerlendirmeyle sona ermektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Gazze Operasyonu, Uluslararası Adalet Divanı, İhtiyati Tedbirler, Soykırımı Önleme ve Cezalandırma Sözleşmesi Abstract: Israel’s genocidal operations against the Palestinian people in Gaza have been going on for almost a year. The international community is watching the events helplessly. Weak individual responses and protests by states remain ineffective. The UN, which was established as an organization of the international community to maintain world peace and was given the authority to take coercive measures when necessary to prevent the recurrence of such sufferings that humanity has experienced in the past, has done nothing other than a few advisory decisions. Regional organizations such as the Organization of Islamic Cooperation and the League of Arab States, of which Palestine is a member, have been completely silent. The only serious international reaction to the Gaza massacres was the litigation process that began with South Africa’s application to the ICJ at the end of 2023. The ICJ has not yet decided on its jurisdiction and begun hearing the merits of the case in the Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide in the Gaza Strip. However, in the meantime, it decided to take provisional measures, again upon South Africa’s request, against the risk of irreparable loss of the rights at issue and the risk of the case being frustrated due to the ongoing Israeli operations. The Court has taken three orders of provisional measures so far. The last of these, the order of 24 May 2024, constitutes the subject of this article in terms of its legal basis, content and the legal issues it raises regarding the implementation of the measures. The order of May 24 is a continuation of the two previous orders in terms of legal basis and content, and even largely a repetition of them, except for one issue. The Court reiterates the obligations contained in the Genocide Convention in the case of Gaza and asks Israel to refrain from gross violations of humanitarian law that could lead to genocide. In addition to these, the May 24 order demands that Israel halt its military attacks in the Rafah region. This measure has raised the issue of conflict between provisional measures and the state’s right to self-defense or to protect its fundamental interests. The article concludes with an assessment of the binding nature of interim measures and the situation in practice. Keywords: Gaza Operation, International Court of Justice, Provisional Measures, Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide
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