288 Teminat Mektuplarında Sahtelik İddialarının Değerlendirilmesi Türk bankacılık uygulamasından kaynaklanan teminat mektubu sözleşmesinin kuruluşu aşamasında yaşanan aksaklıklar, ticarî hayata olumsuz etki ettiği gibi karmaşık hukukî problemlerin doğumuna da sebep olabilmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Banka Teminat Mektubu, Sahte Teminat Mektubu, Elektronik Teminat Mektubu Abstract: Since guarantee are not subject to positive regulation, the general rules regarding the formation of contracts are applicable. However, due to the fact that the relationship of guarantee consists of more than one contract, some differences arise from the classical practice on the formation of contracts. This is because there is more than one legally independent contractual relationship between the parties of guarantee relationship. These differences bring along discussions in the context of the formation of the agreements. The Turkish banking practice in the establishment of guarantee agreement between the bank and the addressee in a narrow and technical sense also causes the emergence of problems specific to Turkish law. Therefore, the bank delivers of guarantee proposal requested by the beneficiary to the addressee through the beneficiary, not the bank itself. The beneficiary reproduces the written text of guarantee proposal delivered to the party by mechanical means and delivers the reproduced text to the addressee. The addressee, who explicitly or implicitly accepts the proposal received, fulfils its obligations in the basic relationship with the beneficiary, relying on the establishment and validity of the letter of guarantee agreement. When the obligor of the underlying relationship, the beneficiary of guarantee relationship, fails to perform its performance, which is secured and constitutes a risk, in due time or in accordance with the contract, it requests the bank to pay of guarantee since the secured risk has been realised. The problem of forgery of the letter of guarantee arises at this stage. Started in 2017, the electronic guarantee application, which has been practicing nowadays, may provide a solution to the problem to a certain extent. However, the existence of certain restrictions such as limitations in electronic guarantee will not eliminate the problem. Failures in the establishment of the letter of guarantee agreement arising from the Turkish banking practice may not only have a negative impact on commercial life, but also lead to the emergence of complex legal problems. Keywords: Bank Guarantee, Forged Bank Guarantee, Electronic Bank Guarantee Ticarî hayatta, edimlerin karşılıklı olarak aynı anda ifa edilmediği hâllerde, taraflar arasında güven problemi yaşanabilmektedir. Teminat mektupları, taraflar arasında çıkması muhtemel güven problemine çözüm olacak hukukî araçlardan birisidir. Teminat mektuplarında te-
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