122 Cases of Joint Liability Arising from Occupational Accidents fact that Article 77 of the İK (Labour Law) (now Article 4 of the İSGK (Occupational Health and Safety Law) and Article 417/2 of the TBK (Turkish Code of Obligations)), which obliges the employer to take all kinds of measures regarding occupational health and safety, requires strict liability.15 Although the Law No. 6098 entered into force in 2012 and introduced certain regulations regarding the liability of the employer, the doctrine still does not reach a consensus on the nature of the legal liability.16 The Court of Cassation has rendered many different decisions before and after the enactment of Law No. 6098. However, it is understood from the recent decisions that the Court of Cassation accepts that the employer’s liability arising from occupational accidents is a fault liability.17 a. Fault Liability (Objectivized Fault) Currently, the predominant view in the doctrine regarding the legal liability of the employer arising from occupational accidents is that this liability is a fault liability.18 This is because the main principle in Turkish law is fault liability. Liability without fault can only arise if it is explicitly regulated in the law. The TBK No. 6098 also includes regulations regarding the nature of the liability arising from the employer’s breach of the duty of care. Accordingly, the compensation of damages arising from the İşverenin İşçini Gözetme Borcu, Bundan Doğan Hukuki Sorumluluğu, Kazancı Kitap Ticaret A.Ş, 1990, p. 125. 15 Ulusan, p. 103 et seq; Eren, p. 81 et seq. 16 Ayrıntılı bilgi için bkz. Çelik/Caniklioğlu/Canbolat/Özkaraca, p. 437, see the authors there. 17 Yarg. HGK, 20.03.2013, E. 2012/21-1121, K. 2013/386, (www.kazanci.com, AD. 03.11.2021); “…the employer’s liability is fault liability and can be held liable if fault can be attributed …” Yarg. 10. HD, 15.04.2019, E. 2016/15843, K. 2019/3473, (www.lexpera.com, AD. 27.01.2022). 18 Çelik/Caniklioğlu/Canbolat/Özkaraca, p. 439; Süzek, p. 414 et seq.; M. Kemal Oğuzman, “İş Kazası veya Meslek Hastalığından Doğan Zararlardan İşverenin Sorumluluğu”, İÜHFM 1969, Vol. XXXIV, Issue. 1-4, p. 337 et seq; Ali Güzel/ Deniz Ugan Çatalkaya, “İşverenin İş Kazasından Doğan Sorumluluğunun Niteliği ve Sınırları”, (Karar İncelemesi), Çalışma ve Toplum, Issue. 34, Y. 2012/3, p. 157; Nurşen Caniklioğlu, İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunu Çerçevesinde İşverenin İş Kazasından Doğan Hukuki Sorumluluğu (İşverenin Sorumluluğu), Prof. Dr. Turhan Esener Armağanı, I. İş Hukuku Uluslararası Kongresi, 2016, p. 47.
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTQ3OTE1