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Tanzimat Sonrası Osmanlı Kadın Hareketi ve Hukuki Talepleri
rın yaşadığı problemler, hukuki talepleri ve elde ettikleri kazanımlar
çalışmaya konu edilecektir. Bu bağlamda kadın dergilerinin ve der-
neklerin faaliyetleri, yapılan hukuki düzenlemeler konumuz açısın-
dan oldukça yol gösterici olacaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Osmanlı Kadın Hareketi, Osmanlı Kadın
Dergileri, Osmanlı Kadın Dernekleri, Kadın Hakları
Abstract:
Women’s movement is lasting for centuries as a fre-
edom and equality struggle. Although the history of quest of the
right is based on the old ages, it must be agreed that the French re-
volution accelerated and built the ideological bases of the women’s
movement. After this date, women of western world had been star-
ted to fight to become free from the roles which gender imposed.
This struggle to get the rights on the social, political and judicial field
is the base of the women movement.
The movement spread to Ottoman Empire in a very short time.
Inequalities that women faced with, and being in existence only as
mother and wife are the common problems for all women.
Women has more rights in the Islamic-Ottoman law comparing
with the medieval Europe. However, in the 18th century, ideas that
emerged with the French Revolution and social transformations in
consequence of industrial revolution were reflected to the Ottoman
Empire as well. Modernization period that started with III. Selim and
II. Mahmut continued with the Tanzimat and Islahat Era, and it was
accelerated in the Meşrutiyet period.
The basis of the Ottoman women’s movement are composed
by the restrictions in education, right to labor, participation in the
social life, and family law. Struggle to get the political rights came
after these problems. Acquisition of these political rights, women
magazines and associations were the most important instruments
of the Ottoman women’s movement. It was tried to create a consci-
ousness through the articles in the magazines. Also, the established
women associations struggled for participation of women in work
and education life. Among these instruments, “Kadınlar Dünyası
Dergisi” magazine and “Osmanlı Müdâfaa-i Hukuk-ı Nisvan Cemiye-
ti” association were the most effective ones and they succeed to
get several acquisitions.
In our opinion, it should be discussed post Tanzimat era which
we can assume for the starting point for women to gain the rights
in republic era. The problems which women faced with, their judicial
requests, and the acquisitions which they earned with Tanzimat will
be the subject of this study. In this context, activities of women ma-
gazines and associations, and legal arrangements will be a guiding
light for our subject.
Keywords:
Ottoman Women’s Movement, Ottoman Women
Magazine, Ottoman Women Association, Women’s Rights